Contents Introduction Assessment Test Chapter 1 Troubleshooting Methodology The Complexity of Internetworks The Problem-Solving Model Step 1:Define the Problem Step 2:Gather Facts Step 3:Consider Possibilities Steps 4 and 5:Create and Implement the Action Plan Step 6:Observe Results Step 7:Iterate as Needed When the Problem Is Resolved Step 8:Document the Changes The Problem-Solving Checklist Summary Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 2 Protocol Attributes The OSI Reference Model Global Protocol Classifications Connection-Oriented Protocols Connectionless Protocols OSI Layer 3:Routed and Routing Protocols Internet Protocol (IP) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Transport Control Protocol (TCP) Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Initializing OSPF BGP(Border Gateway Protocol) Novell NetWare Protocols AppleTalk Protocols OSI Layer 2:Data-Link Layer Protocols and Applications Ethernet/IEEE 8O2.3 Token Ring/IEEE 8O2.5 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) X.25 Frame Relay Integrated Services Digital NetWork (ISDN) Summary Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 3 Generic Troubleshooting Tools Physical Media Test Equipment Multimeters and Cable Testers Time Domain Reflectors (TDRs) and OpticaI TDRs (OTDRs) Digital Interface Testing Tools Software Test Equipment Network Monitors Network Analyzers Network Management Systems (NMSs) Cisco Network Management Software CiscoWorks 2OOO NetSys CiscoSecure Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 4 Ciscos Diagnostic Commands Understanding the Output from Diagnostic Commands The Routing Process The Switchiflg Process Switching Methods Packet Flow-High-End Routers The Route Processor Buffers and gueues in the Cisco 7OOO Series Buffers and gueues in Low-End Routers Troubleshooting Commands show Commands debug Commands Executing a Router Core Dump ping Commands traceroute Command Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 5 Applying Cisco’s Diagnostic Tools Identifying and Resolving Generic Router Problems Scenario #1 Scenario #2 Troubleshooting Ethernet Problems Scenario #1 Scenario #2 Troubleshooting Token Ring Problems Scenario #1 Scenario #2 Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 6 Troublesbooting TCP\IP Connectivity TCP/IP Router Diagnostic Tools ping and traceroute Commands show Commands debug Commands Problem Isolation in TCP/IP Networks Problem Isolation for Windows 95/98/NT LAN Connectivity Problems Obtaining an IP Address ARP WAN Access Problems Default Gateways Static and Dynamic Routing IP Access Lists Standard Access Lists Extended Access Lists ICMP Messages Troubleshooting RIP RIP1 and RIP2 show Commands debug Commands Typical Problems Troubleshooting IGRP show Commands debug Commands Typical Problems Troubleshooting EIGRP Neighbor Formation show Commands debug Commands Typical Problems Troubleshooting OSPF Nelghbor and Adjacency Formation OSPF Area Types show Commands debug Commands Typical Problems Redistribution of Routing Protocols Dealing with Routing Metrics Distribute Lists Route Maps TCP/IP Symptoms and Problems:Summary Sheet TCP/IP Symptoms and Action Plans:Summary Sheet Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Serial Line and Frame Relay Connectivity TroubIeshooting Serial Lines HDLC Encapsulation show interface sertal Command show controllers Command show buffers Command debug serial interface Command debug serial packet Command CSU/DSU Loopback Tests Serlal Line Summary Troubleshooting X.25 show interface serial Commands debug Commands X.25 Link Summary Troubleshooting Frame Relay Frame Relay show Commands Frame Relay debug Commands Frame Relay Summary Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 8 Troubleshooting ISDN ISDN Fundamentals Common ISDN Problems Misconfigured Routers Physical Layer Connections Misconfigured Phone Switches ISDN Troubleshooting Commands Ping clear interface brin show interface brin show interface brin 1 2 show controller bri show isdn status show dialer show ppp multilink Debugging ISDN ebugging ISDN debua bri debua isdn q921 debug PPP negotaition debug isdn q931 debug PPP packet debug dialer Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Novell Connectivity IPX NetWorking Fundamentals Conriecting to a Novell Network Encapsulation Get Nearest Server Service Advertising Novell Router Diagnostic Tools ping Commands show Commands debug Commands Common Novell Troubleshooting Issues Ethernet Encapsulation Mismatches and Network Settings Problems Attaching to Remote Servers SAP Congestion Management in IPX RIP Debugging Scalable NetWare Protocols IPX EIGRP NLSP and IPXWAN Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Laboratory Exercise Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 1O Troubleshooting AppleTalk Connectivity The AppleTalk Protocol AppleTalk Addressing AppleTalk Routing AppleTalk ping Command AppleTalk show Commands AppleTalk test Commands AppleTalk debug Commands Common AppleTalk Troubleshooting Issues ZIP Storms AARP Broadcast Frames Phase One/Phase Two Compatibility Problems Duplicate or Crossed Network Numbers Overloaded Network No Resources Listed in Chooser Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 11 Troubleshooting Switched Ethernet Switches,Bridges,adn Hubs Catalyst Troubleshooting Tools Catalyst Command Line Interface CiscoWorks for Switched Internetworks RMON Indicator Lights Controlling Recurring Paths with Spanning Tree Troubleshooting Spanning Tree Problems The Catalyst 5000 Internal Structure SAMBA SAINT SAGE EARL Virtual LANs Inter-Switch Link(ISL) 802.1q Trunking VLAN Trunking Protocol(VTP) Cabling Issues Cable Problems Cross-Over Cables Troubleshooting Switched Connections The Switched Port Analyzer The Route Switch Module and Catalyst Routing VLANs across Routers and Switches VLAN Design Issues and Troubleshooting Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Laboratory Exercise Reiew Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 12 Cisco Support Functions Cisco Connection Family Cisco Connection Online(CCO) Online Information Features and Electronic Services Troubleshooting Engine Cisco Connection Documentation Cisco’s Technical Assistance Center(TAC) Other Cisco Documentation Summary Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answer to Review Questions Appendix A Practice Exam Practice Exam Questions Answers to Practice Exam Appendix B Commands in This Study Guide Glossary