Contents
   I. History of Great Wall
    To Fend off Enemy Invasion
    Construction of Great Wall Takes More Than 2,000
    Years
    Great Wall's Defence Function Gradually Decreases
   II. Three l0,000-Li Great Walls
    Qin Dynasty's Great Wall
    Emperor Qin Shihuang and Great Wall
    General Meng Tian Leads Soldiers in Construction
    of Great Wall
    Two Paralled Great Walls
    Army Plays Leading Role in Construction of Great
    Wall
    Han Dynasty's Great Wall
    Threat from the Huns
    Emperor Wu Di's Strategy
    Reconstruction of Great Wall
    Three Parallel Walls
    Construction of Great Wall in Desert
    Ming Dynasty's Great Wall
    Attack from Mongolian Cavalrymen
    Speed up Construction of Great Wall
    Inner and Outer Great Walls
    Qi Jiguang Constructs Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Great
    Wall
    Shanhai Pass, Not East Terminal of Ming Great
    Wall
    Six-Hundred-Year-Old Loess Wall
   III. Various Buildings on Great Wall and Their
    Functions
    City Walls
    Walls Built on Mountain Ridges
    Trenches Along Exterior Walls
    Castles at Strategic Positions
    Communications Facilities Along Great Wall
    Trapezium--A Stable Structure
    Wall Height Varies at Different Terrain
    Number of Walls Decided by Their Strategic
    Position
    Double-Sided and Single-Sided Walls
    Clay, Stone and Brick Walls
    Parapet and Battlement Walls
    Fighting Platform and Watchtower
    Drainage System
    Pass Cities Used to Pass Through Wall
    Shanhai Pass-Surrounded by Passes
    Nanhaikou Pass-Rising from Sea
    Huangya Pass--Bagua City
    Gubeikou Pass-Polygon-Shaped Pass City
    Great Wall at Jinshanling with Tight-Defence
    Facilities
    Great Wall at Simatai-Wall Built on Steep Slopes
    Mutianyu Pass-Not Built into Pass City
    Wall Built on Iron Bars
    Juyong Pass Formed by Three Passes
    jiayu Pass--Vital Passage of Ancient "Silk Road"
    Block City-Castle
    Beacon Tower Used to Deliver Military Information
    Earliest Communications Facilities
    Requirements for Setting up Beacon Towers
    Building Materials and Shapes of Beacon Towers
    Number of Soldiers on Guard and Method of Alarm
    Delivery by Signal and Courier
    Building Materials and Their Transport
   IV. Cultural Relics of Great Wall
    Han Tomb at Horinger County
    Cloud Platform Carved with Buddhist Scripture in Six
    Languages
    Horizontal Inscribed Board on Shanhai Pass
    Bricks Cast with Words
    Stele Boundary Markers at Badaling
    Pass to Enter and Exit Great Wall
    Wood Slips of Han Dynasty
    Iron and Copper Cannons and Other Weapons
   V. Legends of Great Wall
    Light a Beacon-Fire for Beloved Concubine
    Meng Jiangnu Looks for Her Husband and Tears Down
    Great Wall with Her Cries
    His Majesty Shut Out of Great Wall
    Widow Tower at Huangya Pass
    Lone Brick at Jiayu Pass
    Swallows Strike Pass Tower Door and Die
    General Cannon