摘要 Abstract Chapter One Introduction Chapter Two Errors 2.1 Definition of errors 2.2 Attitude towards errors 2.3 Evaluation of errors 2.4 Types of errors 2.5 Judgment of error gravity 2.6 Causes of errors 2.6.1 Errors of competence 2.6.1.1 Interference of L1 2.6.1.2 Intralingual transfer 2.6.1.3 Misconception-inducing teaching 2.6.1.4 Use of communication strategies 2.6.2 Errors of performance 2.6.2.1 Cognitive restrictions 2.6.2.2 Psychological restrictions Chapter Three Provision of negative feedback 3.1 Negative feedback 3.2 Necessity and effect of negative feedback 3.3 Factors taken into consideration in providing negative feedback 3.3.1 Purpose of the activity 3.3.2 Degree of deviation 3.3.3 Clarity of meaning 3.3.4 Frequency of occurrence 3.3.5 Leamers'language proficiency 3.3.6 Affective factors 3.3.7 Personality oflearners 3.3.8 Other factors 3.4 Empirical studies on provision of negative feedback 3.4.1 How often errors were treated 3.4.2 What types of errors were treated 3.4.3 How erTors were treated 3.4.4 When errors were treated 3.4.5 Who corrected errors Chapter Four Negative feedback in EFL classrooms 4.1 Purpose of the research 4.2 Methodology 4.2.1 Subjects 4.2.2 Instruments 4.2.2.1 Questionnaires 4.2.2.2 Interviews 4.2.3 Data collection 4.2.4 Data analysis 4.2.4.1 Teachers' and students' response to the questionnaires 4.2.4.2 Transcription of the interview 4.3 Results and discussion 4.3.1 How often errors were treated …… Chapter Five Conclusion References Appendix I Appendix II Appendix III Appendix IV