Contents
導(dǎo)讀 i
About the series xxi
About the author xxii
Introduction to Sound Foundations revised edition xxiii
Ideas behind the phonemic chart xxiv
Part 1
Discovery toolkit
Level 1 Sounds in isolation 2
1 Introduction 2
2 Vowels： monophthongs 5
3 Vowels： diphthongs 22
4 Consonants 29
Level 2 Words in isolation 48
1 Introduction 48
2 Joining individual phonemes to make words 49
3 Stress in words 51
4 Unstress in words 53
5 Primary and secondary stress 54
6 Where do you put the stress in words? 55
7 Intonation and word stress 57
Level 3 Connected speech 58
1 Introduction 58
2 Overview 58
3 Sounds and simplifications in connected speech 60
4 Rhythm in connected speech 69
5 Intonation 74
Part 2
Classroom toolkit
Level 1 Sounds in isolation 96
1 General applications of the chart 96
2 Using the pointer 98
3 Introducing and integrating the chart 99
4 Seven modes of chart usage 100
5 A first lesson with the chart 107
6 Four ways of giving models 110
7 Developing your internal imaging of sounds 114
8 Developing your use of mime and gesture 115
9 Working with individual sounds 118
10 Working with mistakes 132
Level 2 Words in isolation 145
1 Establishing the sound flow 145
2 Working with the spelling–pronunciation link 146
3 Word stress： working with words of two or more syllables 151
4 Word stress and Cuisenaire rods 154
5 Finger correction 160
6 Integrating the learner’s dictionary with pronunciation work 166
7 Lip reading， ventriloquism， pronunciation and vocabulary 169
Level 3 Connected speech 171
1 Overview 171
2 Simplification and reduction of sounds in connected speech 173
3 Stress， prominence and rhythm in connected speech 176
4 Intonation 194
5 Some integrative activities and suggestions 202
Appendix 1 Further thoughts 205
Appendix 2 Phonemic charts for other languages 207
Further reading 208