Financial Markets of the World
世界金融市
——喬治·索羅斯2009年在中歐大學發(fā)表的演講
喬治·索羅斯是著名的貨幣投機家、股票投資者、慈善家和政治行動主義者。本文是他于2009年10月27日在中歐大學為期一周的講座系列之一。該演講融入了金融市場的幾個概念,分析了泡沫理論以及泡沫爆破之后引發(fā)的一系列危機及其破壞性影響,此外,他也對自己的理論以及其意義進行了介紹。
經(jīng)典再現(xiàn)
Today I’ll apply the concepts introduced yesterday—fallibility, reflexivity, andthe human uncertainty principal—to the financial markets. Please brace yourselves,because I’ll pack the experience of a lifetime into this one lecture.
Financial markets provide an excellent laboratory for testing the ideas that I put forward inan abstract form yesterday. The course of events is easier to observe than in most other places.
Many of the facts take a quantitative form, and the data are well recorded and well preserved.
The opportunity for testing occurs because my interpretation of financial markets directlycontradicts the efficient market hypothesis, which has been the prevailing theory aboutfinancial markets. That theory claims that markets tend towards equilibrium; deviationsoccur in a random fashion and can be attributed to extraneous shocks. If that theory is valid,mine is false—and vice versa.
今天我將會把昨天介紹過的幾個概念——不可靠性、自反性以及人為的不確定性——融入到今天關(guān)于金融市場的講座中來。請大家振作精神,因為今天我將把我畢生的經(jīng)驗融入到這堂演講中。
金融市場是檢驗昨天我所提出的抽象概念是否正確的絕佳實驗室。在這里觀察事情的發(fā)展比在其他地方更加容易。我們對很多事都進行了定量分析,其數(shù)據(jù)的記錄和保存也很完整?,F(xiàn)在,檢驗我的理論的機會來臨了,因為它與有效市場假說顯然是相悖的。有效市場假說是金融市場最廣為流傳的理論,它認為市場可以通過自行調(diào)節(jié)達到平衡,偏離的發(fā)生是隨機的,并且容易受外來因素的影響。如果這個理論是正確的話,那么我的就是錯的,反之亦然。
fallibility [7fAlE5bilEti] n. 易誤,不可靠 reflexivity [5ri7flekiviti] n. 自反性hypothesis [hai5pCWisis] n. 假設(shè) prevail [pri5vel] vi. 盛行equilibrium [7ikwE5libriEm] 平衡 deviation [7di:vi5eiFEn] n. 差異,偏差extraneous [ek5streinjEs] adj. 外來的